What is Zygoma Reduction

Definition & Overview

A zygoma reduction is a cosmetic surgical procedure that reduces the size of the zygoma or the cheekbones. It is the more advanced version of traditional jaw and chin procedures and generally involves fracturing, trimming, and rotating the cheekbone to remove or correct bone protrusions that create a strong or harsh appearance.

The procedure is widely popular in East Asian countries, where strong zygoma features are prevalent. It has high satisfaction rating despite the existence of some surgical risks.

Who Should Undergo and Expected Results

Patients who can benefit from a zygoma reduction are those who:

Have excessively prominent front cheekbones
Have wide cheekbones that make their face look too wide
Have disproportionate or unbalanced facial contour
Have a sunken area under the cheekbones, causing a hollow appearance

As for the expected results, the procedure can remove or correct bone protrusions making the facial line look sleeker, slimmer, and softer.

By reducing the size of the face in general, the procedure can also make a person’s facial features look more well-defined. For most patients, the results of the procedure make them look more attractive.

How is the Procedure Performed?

A zygoma reduction is performed under general anaesthesia and takes about three hours.

It requires patients to fast for at least 8 hours prior to the procedure. As part of the pre-surgery preparation, an x-ray and CT-scan examinations are carried out to accurately determine the shape of the maxilla and mandibular bones as well as the locations of the nerves in the area.

Two incisions, one inside the mouth and the other inside the temporal area, are then made to access the cheekbone. The frontal and rear parts of the bone are then fractured to weakened the bone so it can be easily pushed inwards from the front and the side, and reduce its outward protrusion. If necessary, the surgeon may also cut off a portion of the zygoma (trapezoid shape) bone’s body to make it L-shaped. The remaining zygoma bone is then rotated in a 3-dimensional manner.

The procedure can also be performed on the zygoma arch or the bow-shaped lateral aspect of the cheekbone. A protruding zygoma arch can make the face seem wider than it actually is. To reduce the arch, the surgery can be performed using the scalp approach, where the incision is made either above or in front of the ear. This gives the surgeon access to the arch and the body of the cheekbone making it easier to rotate the bone inwards.

In some cases wherein both the zygoma body and the arch need to be adjusted, the surgery will combine both techniques.

The zygoma bone is then fixated with screws once placed in the desired position to prevent bone movements. Drains are placed to avoid fluid build-up in the surgical area and are removed the next day. The incisions are then closed with sutures.

After the procedure, patients are required to stay in the hospital overnight for monitoring purposes. Any stitches made during the procedure will be removed after approximately two weeks or when the surgical site has adequately healed.

During the first three days following the procedure, patients are required to wear a compression bandage over the surgical area at all times. For the next 1 to 2 weeks, they are only required to put it on when at home.

Possible Risks and Complications

Zygoma reduction, like other facial reduction procedures, does involve certain risks, including common surgical risks as well as risks unique to the procedure.

Common surgical risks include:

Infection
Bleeding
Blood clot
Bruising
Swelling
Injury to the surrounding muscles, bones, nerves, or blood vessels
Allergic reactions to the anaesthetics used

Risks unique to a zygoma reduction (or closely similar) procedure include:

Changes or decrease in skin sensation over the surgical area, which may or may not be temporary
Asymmetry between the two cheekbones
Body contour irregularity
Tightness in opening the mouth
Bone disunion of the zygomatic arch
Weakening of the zygomatic bone
Zygomatic bone and arch defect or displacement after surgery

These risks may or may not require revision surgery. copy right by doc doc

On top of these risks, patients can also expect to experience post-operative pain around the cheeks. To help with the pain as well as to prevent an infection, oral antibiotics and analgesics are typically prescribed. Patients are given strict instructions on post-operative care, including required head elevation when sleeping during the first four weeks following the procedure.

Since the incision is intraoral, patients are also taught on how to wash and clean their mouths to prevent an infection from developing.

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2018년 1월 31일 수요일